AI training
Transformers, diffusion models, mixture-of-experts. The workload that pulled accelerators from the gaming aisle into the enterprise.
foundation models→
§ 05Where it shows up
Six fields that look different now than they did a decade ago.
Scientific simulation
Climate, fluid dynamics, molecular docking. Equations that used to need weeks of supercomputer time fit in a single overnight run.
cfd · md · weather→
Computer graphics
The original use case. Real-time path tracing, neural denoising, virtual production for film and games.
rt · path tracing→
Genomics & drug design
Sequence alignment, protein folding, generative chemistry. Pipelines that produce candidate molecules in hours, not months.
bio · pharma→
Financial modeling
Monte Carlo at scale, derivatives pricing, factor models. Risk teams now re-run portfolios intraday.
quant · risk→
Edge inference
NPUs in phones, cars, cameras. Low-power accelerators that run a model in milliseconds without ever leaving the device.
mobile · auto · iot→